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What Are the Preventions of Malaria?
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เมื่อ » 2022-09-01 14:51:44 (IP : , ,115.186.129.68 ,, )
[h1]What Are the Preventions of Malaria?[/h1]
Preventing malaria is a priority for governments, but what are the best ways to prevent it? Among the most common ways to prevent malaria are the use of insecticide-treated nets, indoor residual spraying, and chemoprophylaxis. The following is a brief summary of these strategies. Read on WoW Health to find out which ones will be most helpful in your own country. And, don't forget to use a mosquito net whenever possible.
[h2]
Insecticide-treated nets[/h2]
Insecticide-treated bed nets are a key part of malaria prevention programs. These bed covers help reduce the transmission of malaria by mosquitoes because they act as a physical barrier between the infected person and the mosquito. Insecticide-treated nets kill mosquitoes on contact and can reduce the population of the disease-carrying mosquito in a community.
Among the major benefits of using insecticide-treated nets is that they last longer than conventional bed covers. They maintain biological effectiveness for at least three years, but must be replaced. LLINs help prevent the transmission of malaria by reducing human-mosquito contact during sleeping hours. They also have a community effect, because a large number of LLIN users helps to reduce mosquito populations in large areas. They are made with the chemical insecticide pyrethroids.
The use of ITNs has been widely accepted as an effective malaria prevention method. However, ITNs' benefits have varied, due in part to the varying usage of different households. In a recent study, researchers analyzed data on ITN coverage and usage to determine if the use of ITNs influenced malaria parasitemia. Further research is needed to determine the impact of ITNs on malaria prevention.
[h2]
Indoor residual spraying[/h2]
A common way to prevent the spread of malaria is by sprinkling the inside walls of houses with insecticides that have long-lasting effects on mosquitoes. When a large proportion of the houses in an area are sprayed, indoor residual spraying can effectively reduce the risk of malaria. The effectiveness of indoor residual spraying varies depending on the insecticide used, the malaria transmission season, and the environment.
In Ethiopia, approximately 70% of the population lives in areas prone to malaria. In a study, researchers evaluated the impact of IRS using DDT on malaria incidence. They collected data from malaria registers and analyzed the findings. The Debrezeit Malaria Control Center studied records from 22 villages sprayed with IRS using DDT during the peak malaria transmission seasons of 2001 and 2002. Among the 22 villages, only one had a zero malaria incidence during this period. The other twenty-two villages sprayed with DDT had a malaria prevalence similar to the villages without any intervention.
Indoor residual spraying has been proven effective in reducing the incidence of malaria in malaria-endemic areas. During past malaria epidemics, spraying activities were conducted more frequently in the highland fringe regions. Moreover, public acceptance of spraying was higher. Another factor that may have contributed to the effectiveness of IRS was the fact that the practice was conducted more frequently during the malaria epidemic. This may have resulted in minimal insecticide resistance among malaria-endemic communities.
[h2]
Chemoprophylaxis[/h2]
The official guidelines for travel to malaria endemic areas include recommendations for the primary chemoprophylaxis against P. falciparum. While these recommendations vary somewhat, all of them are effective for preventing malaria. In many cases, chemoprophylaxis is the only option available, and the CDC recommends the use of mefloquine as a preventive treatment.
There is no vaccine for malaria, but chemoprophylaxis is the main therapeutic intervention. The key issue with chemoprophylaxis is the frequent and regular administration. Some travellers may not take the medication due to peer pressure or adverse reactions. Some travellers may even stop taking it altogether. It is important for travellers to take the medication before heading to malaria-endemic areas.
The decision to recommend chemoprophylaxis is complex. Travelers must take into account their profile, destination, activities, and duration of exposure. The choice of anti-malarial drugs depends on many factors, including the risk of malaria at the destination, duration, and purpose of travel. Using historical data to determine which medication is most appropriate for a particular destination has also been helpful.
[h2]Conclusion[/h2]
CDC guidelines recommend six different antimalarial drugs for primary chemoprophylaxis. The CDC's recommendation was analyzed by searching PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The quality of the data was graded using an NIH-developed tool to rank the studies. All of the studies were analysed in this manner, and a subgroup was analyzed for quality and CDC compliance. The results were analyzed for daily versus weekly administered regimens, and for military and civilian travelers.
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